|
Al-Majdal ((アラビア語:المجدل), "tower", also transliterated Majdal, Majdil and Mejdel) was a Palestinian Arab village, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee ( below sea level), north of Tiberias and south of Khan Minyeh.〔〔 It is identified with the site of the ancient town of Magdala, reputed to be the birthplace of Mary Magdalene.〔Pringle, 1998, p. (28 )〕 Josephus recounts military battles there between his forces and those of Vespasian's army, and archaeological excavations indicate it was an important city on the Sea of Galilee around the time of the rule of Herod Antipas. Christian pilgrims wrote of their visits to see the house and church of Mary Magdalene from the 6th century onward, but little is known about the village in the Mamluk and early Ottoman period, indicating it was likely small or uninhabited.〔〔 In the 19th century, Western travellers interested in the biblical history of Palestine documented their observations of Al-Majdal, generally describing it as a very small and poor Muslim village.〔 In 1910-11, Russian Zionists founded Migdal adjacent to Al-Majdal.〔 Just prior to the outbreak of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Al-Majdal was depopulated and then largely destroyed.〔〔 The Israeli town of Migdal has since expanded onto part of the village's former lands.〔 ==Etymology== The Arabic name Majdal means "tower" and preserves the ancient place name Magdala.〔Porter, 2005, p. 91.〕 Magdala was also known in ancient times as Migdal (Hebrew), and the Aramaic names ascribed to it are Magdala Nunaya (also, Migdal Nunnaya or Nunayah; "Tower of Fish") and Magdala Tza'baya (or Migdal Seb'iya; "Magdala of the dyers" or "Tower of Dyers").〔〔Murphy-O'Connor, 2008, p. 239.〕〔Schaberg, 2004, p. (47 )〕 It is referred to by these Aramaic names in the Babylonian Talmud (b. Pesah. 46b) and Jerusalem Talmud (y. Ta'an. 4.8.) respectively.〔 Also known in Greek as Magdala Taricheae ("Magdala of the fish salters"), likely due to the town's famed fish-curing industry, Josephus writes of it simply as Taricheae (Ant. 14.20; 20. 159; J.W. 1. 180; 2. 252).〔Kregel Carta, 1999, p. 21.〕〔 The Magadan mentioned in Matthew 15:39 and the Dalmanutha of Mark 8:10 are likely corrupt forms of Magdal (Magdala) and Magdal Nuna (Magdala Nunaya).〔〔Matthew 15:39 places "the region of Magdala () in the country of the Philistines." See Savage-Smith and van Gelder, 2005, p. 119.〕 Mary Magdalene's surname as transcribed in the gospels is said to be derived from Magdala as her home and place of birth.〔Hastings, 2004, p. 97.〕 Alfred Edersheim cites the Talmud as evidence for this naming practice, which describes several Rabbis as 'Magdalene' or residents of Magdala.〔 Majdal and Majdalani ("of Majdal") are common place names and family names in the Syria-Palestine.〔MacAdam, 1986, p. 124.〕 Examples of such place names include Al-Majdal, Askalan), Majdal Yaba, and Al-Mujaydil (depopulated Palestinian villages located in modern day Israel), Majdal Shams (a Syrian-Druze village in the Golan Heights), Majdal Bani Fadil (in the West Bank) and Majdal Anjar (in modern day Lebanon).〔〔Israel, 1979, p. 203.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Majdal, Tiberias」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|